Definition of sexism

For the purpose of the handbook and this website as well as its recommendations, sexism is conceptualized in accordance with the definition provided by the Council of Europe:[1]

[Sexism is] any act, gesture, visual representation, spoken or written words, practice or behavior based upon the idea that a person or a group of persons is inferior because of their sex, which occurs in the public or private sphere, whether online or offline, with the purpose or effect of:

i. violating the inherent dignity or rights of a person or a group of persons; or
ii. resulting in physical, sexual, psychological or socio-economic harm or suffering to a person or a group of persons; or
iii. creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment; or
iv. constituting a barrier to the autonomy and full realization of human rights by a person or a group of persons; or
v. maintaining and reinforcing gender stereotypes.[2]

[1] Recommendation CM/Rec(2019)1 adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe 27 March 2019

[2] Gender stereotyping presents a serious obstacle to the achievement of real gender equality and feeds into gender discrimination. Such stereotyping can limit the development of the natural talents and abilities of girls and boys, women and men, their educational and professional preferences and experiences, as well as life opportunities in general.” (Council of Europe Gender Equality Strategy 2018-2023, Strategic objective 1)